priest ganjin nara period

Nara Period (710-784) The Nara Period (奈良時代 Nara jidai) is the historical period beginning in 710, the year the capital was moved from Fujiwarakyō to Heijōkyō (the modern-day city of Nara), and ending in 784 when the capital was moved to Nagaokakyō.The ten years at Nagaokakyō (784-794) are usually included in the Nara Period, however, giving it an end-date of 794. With Ganjin being stopped starting on a voyage by them, his fourth attempt to reach Japan was aborted, too. In Ritsu …an invitation to Chien-chen (Japanese: Ganjin), a leading Chinese scholar of vinaya. At the age of 14, he entered the priesthood, attending to Chiman, and studied the teachings of the Ritsushu sect and the Tendaishu sect under Daoan and Hongjing. The entire failed enterprise took him close to three years. This is a portrait of the priest Ganjin, created after his death. Some of the oldest wooden architecture, paintings and sculptures reside here. Craftsmen who accompanied Ganjin from the mainland are responsible for the three superb dry-lacquer statues displayed here. 13. Nara Period, Priest Ganjin, Japan. Again this time, however, strong anxiety of Ganjin's disciplines, Lingyu, for his master's safety brought him to civil authorities to stop Ganjin crossing the sea to Japan. But the ship was blown off course and ended up in the Yande (延德) commandery on Hainan Island. In the ten years until his death in Japan, Jianzhen not only propagated the Buddhist faith among the aristocracy, but also served as an important conductor of Chinese culture. At Nara, Jianzhen presided over Tōdai-ji. This was the first such perception in Japan. After arrested, Yoei succeeded in escaping from prison, pretending to die of disease, and then Ganjin and his party headed for Fuzhou, where they had planned to set sail for Japan because they thought it difficult to sail from Jiangsu or Zhejiang. Early Heian Period, Medicine Buddha of Jingoji, Japan. Leaving in June, and waiting wind of change for a few months at the Zhoushan islands, Ganjin started on a voyage for Japan in November, but he encountered a severe storm and ended up drifting down to Hainan Island, far south from Japan, after 14-day drift. Gannet may have been inspired in part to build a temple to Bishamonten in 770 because of an event related to Bishamonten that happened 4 years prior in the then Imperial Capital of Nara. In the Nara period, however, the Vinaya precepts gradually started to be recognized their importance to increase the need to institute orthodox monastic ordinations of the Jukai. Jianzhen (Chinese: 鑒真; Wade–Giles: Chien-chen; 688–763), or Ganjin in Japanese, was a Chinese monk who helped to propagate Buddhism in Japan. After a period of 12 years, in which he failed five times to cross the Japan Sea, he was finally able to land in Japan, though he had, by that time, become totally blind due to the tough voyage. Kaidan-in of the Todai-ji Temple was also built for a permanent ordination platform, and after that, in 761, Kaidan platforms were constructed at Kanzeon-ji Temple in Dazaifu (present day in Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyushu) and at Yakushi-ji Temple of Shimotsuke Province (Shimotsuke City, north of present day Tokyo) so that todan-jukai might be conferred from the east to the west part of Japan; as a result, the Vinaya precepts system had rapidly developed. Additionally, in 779, Ganjin's biography, "To Daiwajo Toseiden" (Eastern Expedition of Ganjin, the Great Tang Monk) was written by OMI no Mifune, which is a precious historical material to indicate Ganjin's achievement. Toshodaiji (Nara) — the head temple of Risshu, or the Ritsu school of Buddhism — was founded in the Nara period by Ganjin Wajo — a high priest from the Tang Dynasty in … In Buddhism, those who newly ordain as priests and nuns must take a vow to observe the Vinaya precepts. This was the beginning of todan-jukai (handing down the precepts). [2] Despite protests from his disciples, Jianzhen made preparations and in spring 743 was ready for the long voyage across the East China Sea to Japan. Summary 1．The nation was governed based on the Ritsuryo. "Ganjin" redirects here. The Toshodai-ji Temple was founded by the Chinese priest Ganjin, who came to Japan spreading the principles of Buddhism. Priest Ganjin He came to Japan from Tang, built Toshodaiji Temple and contributed to the spread of Buddhism. Ganjin was born in Jiiangyang, Yangzhou in Tang. Jocho, Late Heian Period, Amitabha buddha of the Phoenix hall, Japan. The Kō-dō (Lecture Hall) behind the Kon-dō also dates from the late eighth century, and is more Japanese in styling. Ganjin's first attempt to cross the sea to Japan in summer of 743 ended up in failure since Japanese priests were deported from China by a false information to officers of the harbor that 'Japanese priests were, in fact, pirates,' which was told by some of Ganjin's disciples who desired to keep him in China. To vow 'ritsu,' (meaning to vow to keep codes of discipline which govern the Buddhist monastic life), a rite must be performed in front of more than 10 qualified priests and nuns; this is Jukai. What are the Highlights of an Exclusive visit to the Tangzhaoti Temple Exhibition? In 752, Ganjin, who had decided to go to Japan without fail, promised FUJIWARA no Kiyokawa, who was a Kento-shi (a Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty China) and visited him, to execute his decision. When the compound, Kai-ritsu (Vinaya precepts in Japanese) is used, 'kai' refers to self-imposed vows and 'ritsu' denotes vows among priests and nuns. Knowing that, OTOMO no Komaro, the vice-envoy, secretly let Ganjin board his ship. Ganjin underwent tremendous hardships in his attempts to visit Japan and spread Buddhism. Toshodai-ji Temple: Where Master Ganjin stood - See 629 traveler reviews, 740 candid photos, and great deals for Nara, Japan, at Tripadvisor. In 751, Ganjin left Hannan Island to return to Yangzhou. Enkei (Priest) (延慶 (僧)) Enkei (dates of birth and death unknown) was a Buddhist priest in the Nara period. In summer 748, Jianzhen made his fifth attempt to reach Japan. Jianzhen (Chinese: 鑒真; Wade–Giles: Chien-chen; 688–763), or Ganjin in Japanese, was a Chinese monk who helped to propagate Buddhism in Japan. The Japanese viewed protecting the nation as part of the clergy’s mission. His surname was Chunyu. After that, he attempted to have crossed the sea to Japan over five times, only to fail. After a period of 12 years, in which he failed five times to cross the Japan Sea, he was finally able to land in Japan, though he had, by that time, become totally blind due to the tough voyages. ), A translation of the Tōdaiwajō tōseiden 唐大和上東征傳.” (Part 1), A translation of the Tōdaiwajō tōseiden 唐大和上東征傳. proportioned temples of its period remaining, was founded in 759 by the illustrious Ganjin, a blind priest from China who arrived in Japan after many tribulations. A dry-lacquer statue of him made shortly after his death can still be seen at Tōshōdai-ji. Soon after the departure on November 17, the Japanese envoy's ships hit by a heavy gale drifted to the southward, however the ship of vice envoy, Komaro, managed to keep its course to safely reach Bonotsu on December 20; indeed, it took as long as 10 years for Ganjin, who carried Buddha Relics with him, to finally realize his long-cherished desire to visit Japan. When he finally succeeded on his sixth attempt he had lost his eyesight as a result of an infection acquired during his journey. He opened the Buddhist temple as a place of healing, creating the Beitian Court (悲田院)—a hospital within Daming Temple. Being upset, Ganjin headed for Tenjiku (India) from Canton, but he was dissuaded from doing so by his disciples and devotees. Ninki, one of Ganjin's disciples, who mourned his master's death, made the sculpture of Ganjin (Dakkatsu-kanshitsu [hollow dry lacquer: A method of making lacquer statues, popular in the Nara period], colored; a technique to form a framework of statue by layering of lacquered hemp cloth, and the both hands are carved in wood), which the Toshodai-ji Temple has preserved until today (Statue of Ganjin in Toshodai-ji Temple, national treasure) and is said the first portrait sculpture in Japan. Being implored to come to Japan by him, Ganjin decided to make his fifth attempt to reach Japan. Founded by the Chinese priest Ganjin in 759, it was the head temple of the Ritsu Buddhist sect. He founded the Ritsushu sect in Japan. Priest Ganjin. Although most are wooden, 11 entries in the list are bronze, 11 are lacquer, 7 are made of clay and 1 entry, the Usuki Stone Buddhas, is a stone sculpture.Typically hinoki, Japanese nutmeg, sandalwood and camphorwood were the woods used for the wooden sculptures. In the eleven years from 743 to 754, Jianzhen attempted to visit Japan some six times. most visited in Nara Toshodaiji (唐招提寺, Tōshōdaiji) was founded in the year 759 by Ganjin, a Chinese priest who was invited to Japan by the emperor in order to train priests and improve Japanese Buddhism. Leaving from Yangzhou, he made it to the Zhoushan Archipelago off the coast of modern Zhejiang. Phoenix Hall, Byodo-in, c. 1053. Jianzhen travelled along the Gan River to Jiujiang, and then down the Yangtze River. Buddha Roshana, 8th century. In 758, Emperor Junnin showed his compassion for Ganjin by an imperial order of his, appointing him Daiwajo (honorific title for Ganjin) and relieving him from the member of Sogo (Office of Monastic Affairs), so that Ganjin might only transmit the Vinaya precepts as he wanted. Priest Ganjin, 8th century. Accepting the invitation of Yoei and Fusho, Ganjin asked his disciples to go to Japan, but had no volunteers. In 763, he passed away at the Toshodai-ji Temple. Statistics Editar. In 756 Ganjin was appointed to the bureau of clergy, which controlled the issuing of certificates for ordination. The Toshodaiji Temple dates back to 759 when it was established by a priest from China known as Ganjin. In 759 he retired to a piece of land granted to him by the imperial court in the western part of Nara. There were a few copies of Chinese-style landscapes, and portraits in the Chinese fashion of significant ecclesiastical figures like the Chinese priest Ganjin. He was blind. In 755, the first ordination platform in Japan was constructed at Tōdai-ji, on the place where including former Emperor Shōmu and Empress Kōmyō received ordination by Jianzhen a year earlier. The Taiho Code (Taiho Ritsuryo) was established by modeling the ruling system of Tang. Later he founded the Toshodaiji Temple (Nara Prefecture) and wrote three religious volumes though blind. Jianzhen died on the 6th day of the 5th month of 763. The ashes of this Buddhist monk were incorporated in its creation. It was the site of the city of Heijo-kyo, established in 710. Heian Period. After an eventful sea journey of several months, the group finally landed at Kagoshima, Kyūshū, on December 20. Japanese-English Bilingual Corpus of Wikipedia's Kyoto Articles. Therefore, Yoei and Fusho went to Tang (China) to invite 10 duly ordained Chinese priests prescribed by the Vinaya, and visited Ganjin, who had already distinguished himself as a great Vinaya master. However, Emperor Hsuan Tsung (Tang Dynasty) of those days prohibited Ganjin from going to Japan because he thought it pity for China to lose Ganjin's brilliant brain. Nara Period. This temple was founded in 759 by the Chinese Priest Ganjin (688 - 763). No details are known about his origin. This priest was invited by the Emperor of Japan to visit the country to improve Japan’s understanding of Buddhism and train each monk and priest of the region. Toshodai-ji – Founded in 759 by a Chinese priest named Ganjin, Toshodai-ji is a temple that honours the contributions of its founder to the beginnings of Buddhism in Japan. It flourished until 784, when the capital was transferred. Nyoirin Kannon, c. 840. This epoch of Japanese history is known as the Nara Period. The Horyu-ji Temple is known as the oldest existing Buddhist temple in Japan. (Planned June 2nd - 10th for year 2007. Scene from the ‘Minori’ from The Tale of Genji, 12th century. It was first performed in the year 6 of the period Tenpyoo Shoohoo 天平勝宝 (754), when priest Ganjin came from China and initiated the emperor Shomu Tenno 聖武上皇, Koken Tenno 孝謙天皇 and others. In the eleven years from 743 to 754, Jianzhen attempted to visit Japan some six times. (Part 2), Ganjin: From Vinaya Master to Ritsu School Founder, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jianzhen&oldid=992776463, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Pages using religious biography with multiple nickname parameters, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Jianzhen was born in Jiangyin county in Guangling Prefecture (present day Yangzhou, Jiangsu) China, with the surname of Chunyu (淳于). [3] Recognised as one of the greatest of its type, it has been postulated by statue restoration experts that the statue incorporates linen clothing originally worn by Ganjin. Dry lacquer, 763, Nara Period, Toshodai-ji, Founder's Hall; Among earliest portraits of a real person in Japan; hollow-core dry lacquer technique. Since his teacher Ganjin was in Nara, Gantei might well have participated in these events.The imperially — sanctioned history Shoku Nihongi, written in the early Heian period (Heian period 884-1185), notes that in the 10th … In the autumn of 753, the blind Jianzhen decided to join a Japanese emissary ship returning to its home country. For the village in Iran, see. Ganjin (Jianzhen) (鑑真) Ganjin (688-June 25, 763) was a naturalized priest in the Nara period. Ganjin stayed at Daiun-ji Temple of this place for a year, and transmitted a plenty of knowledge about medicine in Hannan Island. Toshodai-ji Temple: Where Master Ganjin stood - See 632 traveler reviews, 747 candid photos, and great deals for Nara, Japan, at Tripadvisor. Time: 8th century Place: Toshodai-ji, Nara Period: Nara Ganjin, a monk, arrived in Nara at 66 years of age with a blinding infection (which he got from his travels from China) He presided over Todai-ji and is credited with installing the correct ordination of the Buddhist clergy In autumn 742, an emissary from Japan invited Jianzhen to lecture in Japan. The crossing failed and in the following years, Jianzhen made three more attempts but was thwarted by unfavourable conditions or government intervention. Jianzhen is credited with the introduction of the Ritsu school of Buddhism to Japan, which focused on the vinaya, or Buddhist monastic rules. In 753, he guided Ganjin, who came to Japan from Tang, to Dazaifu, Kyushu, and served as an interpreter for Ganjin when this … This page was last edited on 7 December 2020, at 01:13. …most important of these was Ganjin (Chinese: Jianzhen), who finally reached Nara in 753 on his sixth attempt and founded the Ritsu sect at Tōshōdai Temple. He founded the Ritsushu sect in Japan. In addition to the Vinaya precepts, Ganjin imparted his deep knowledge about sculptures and medical herbs to Japan. Early Heian Period, Womb World and Diamond World Mandala of To-ji, Japan. In the Fujiwara Period, however, there was a surge of secular painting, both landscape and scenes of daily court life, painted on folding screens (屏風 byōbu , lit. Album Leaf from The Thirty-Six Immortal Poets (Ishiyama-gire), 12th century. Jianzhen's life story and voyage are described in the scroll, "The Sea Journe… Died at the age of 76. In May 2010, the Taiwanese Buddhist organization Tzu Chi organized and produced an animated drama on Jianzhen's life and journey to Japan. Ganjin (688-June 25, 763) was a naturalized priest in the Nara period. The lecture hall is the only surviving part of the former Nara Imperial Palace and served as an administrative building during the imperial times. The Chinese monks who travelled with him introduced Chinese religious sculpture to the Japanese. The statue is made public only during a limited number of days around the anniversary of Jianzhen's death (see it on the right). Ganjin Priest Ganjin The Abbot Ganjin View Title Bust Creator/Culture Japanese Site/Repository Repository: Kaisan-do, Tōshōdai-ji (Nara, Nara prefecture, Kinki, Japan) Period/Date Nara period Creation date: ca. Ganjin finally came to Japan in the year 754 and founded Tōshōdai-ji in Nara. The main building, … In 759, Ganjin was given the former residence of Imperial Prince Niitabe to build Toshodai-ji Temple and set up a Kaidan platform. Study 16 3 (Nara, Tenpyo, Heian, Jogan) flashcards from Phoenix J. on StudyBlue. Wood. On the far side of Nara station is Toshodaiji temple. Ganjin was forced to stay in China. The Todai-Ji Temple was founded by a Chinese priest called Ganjin in the year 759. Although these Vinaya precepts governing the life and behavior of Buddhist priests and nuns are ones of the most important matters in Buddhism, the Japanese had not thought Jukai so important for a long time; for example, at first when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, Jisei Jukai (self-administered precepts) was permitted. The ancient capital of Nara is located in Nara Prefecture, just south of Kyoto. Address: 160 Kasuganocho, Nara, Nara Prefecture 630-8212. For the next 75 years, with minor gaps, Nara was the seat of government, and the old custom of changing the capital with each successive emperor was finally discarded. He also opened Hiden-in, (a facility for the elderly, disabled, sick and orphans), being actively involved in relief efforts for the poor. At the age of fourteen, he became a disciple of Dayun Temple (大云寺). [4] The statue was temporarily brought to Jianzhen's original temple in Yangzhou in 1980 as part of a friendship exchange between Japan and China. It is one of the few temples relatively undamaged over the centuries and has several important buildings, including the oldest existing example of Nara … In the following year a special hall, Kaidan-In 戒壇院, was constructed for this ceremony, where the Jukai ceremony was performed. Toshodaiji Temple. Various materials have been used for the sculptures. There he founded a school and also set up a private temple, Tōshōdai-ji. The Ritsushu sect is a Buddhist school that transmits and studies Vinaya precepts which Buddhists, especially priests and nuns should comply with; Ganjin, a successor of the Nanzan-risshu sect based on Shibunritsu (Four-Part Vinayapitaka, which explains about regulations and prohibited matters of the priest) is said to have conducted Jukai (handed down the precepts) to more than 40,000 people. Then, he resolved to travel to Japan himself, accompanied by 21 of his disciples who had heard their master's resolution. Ganjin finally came to Japan in the year 754 and founded Tōshōdai-ji in Nara. (1929). His surname was Chunyu. At twenty he travelled to Chang'an for study and returned six years later, eventually becoming abbot of Daming Temple. In 710 the imperial capital was shifted a short distance from Asuka to Nara. During the Nara period, this hall was a major centre of learning and religious training. With careful preparations, Ganjin made the second attempt to sail for Japan in January, 744, but a heavy wind forced him temporarily return back to Yuyao, Mingzhou. Hokke-dō (法華堂), Tōdai-ji, Nara, Nara: Priest Gyōshin (乾漆行信僧都坐像, kanshitsu gyōshin sōzu zazō) Statue of the founder of the Hall of Dreams (夢殿, yumedono) Nara period, second half of 8th century Dry lacquer (乾漆, kanshitsu) Seated Gyōshin: 89.7 cm (35.3 in) © A. C. Yu  —  Generated from the Japanese-English Bilingual Corpus of Wikipedia's Kyoto Articles which is translated by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) from Japanese sentences on Wikipedia, used under CC BY-SA. gold and color on silk, hanging scroll. The Nara Period (Nara Jidai) of ancient Japan (710-794 CE), so called because for most of that time the capital was located at Nara, then known as Heijokyo, was a short period of transition prior to the significant Heian Period. (1928). When he finally succeeded on his sixth attempt he had lost his eyesight as a result of an infection acquired during his journey. In April, Ganjin established an ordination platform at Daibutsu-den Hall (the Great Buddha hall) in the Todai-ji Temple, and conferred Bosatsu-kai (Bodhisattva Precepts) on 400 people, including from the retired emperor to priests and nuns. Genkai, Aomi-no Mabito; Takakusu J., trans. Heijo Palace – When Nara was capital of Japan during the Nara Period in the 8 th century, the city was called Heijo-kyo and the palace became its centrepiece. Genkai, Aomi-no Mabito; Takakusu J., trans. Nara city is an intimate place. By the time Jianzhen returned to Yangzhou, he was blind from an infection. Ganjin Priest Ganjin The Abbot Ganjin View Title 3/4 view of proper left, Detail: Head and chest Creator/Culture Japanese Site/Repository Repository: Kaisan-do, Tōshōdai-ji (Nara, Nara prefecture, Kinki, Japan) Period/Date Nara period Creation date: ca. tempts to visit Japan. Therefore, there have been several remains honoring Ganjin for his achievement up to today. The Nara period (710–784) Beginning of the imperial state. Read More; Ritsu school of Buddhism. Jianzhen's life story and voyage are described in the scroll, "The Sea Journey to the East of a Great Bonze from the Tang Dynasty."[1]. During that return journey to Yangzhou, the climate in the southern region and exhaustion deprived Ganjin of his sight (one theory says that he didn't totally lose his sight). Gilded wood. In his replanning of the departure, a betrayal of someone who grudged Ganjin's leaving for Japan resulted in Yoei's arrest and Ganjin also failed his third attempt. On the way, Yoei passed away in Duanzhou. The “Ganjin Wajo-zo” (statue of the Priest Ganjin) is a national treasure, and is the oldest portrait sculpture in Japan. For this reason, in 753 when the Kento-shi returned to Japan, FUJUWARA no Kiyokawa, the chief envoy of Japan, refused Ganjin to get on board. In 742, when he was a chief priest of Daming Temple in Yangzhou, he was implored to transmit the Vinaya precepts to Japan by Yoei and Fusho, priests dispatched to Tang from Japan. Yakushiji Temple (薬師寺） The construction work of the original temple started at Asuka, the South part of Nara. Besides his learning in the Tripiṭaka, Jianzhen is also said to have been an expert in medicine. Jianzhen was then forced to make his way back to Yangzhou by land, lecturing at a number of monasteries on the way. They reached Nara in the spring of the next year and were welcomed by the Emperor. Ganjin and Vinaya (the precepts of Buddhism) Ganjin was born in Jiiangyang, Yangzhou in Tang. In January, 754, Ganjin arrived at the Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara), and was welcomed by Emperor Shomu and others; by an imperial decree of Empress Koken, the establishment of Kaidan (Buddhist ordination platform) and Jukai were entirely left to Ganjin, and he resided at Todai-ji Temple. Tōshōdai-ji was established in 759 by influential Chinese priest Ganjin (Jian Zhen), recruited by Emperor Shōmu to reform Buddhism in Japan. In 748, Yoei visited Ganjin at Daming Temple again. Given the former residence of imperial Prince Niitabe to build Toshodai-ji Temple was founded in he. Yangzhou in Tang becoming abbot of Daming Temple Period, Amitabha Buddha of Jingoji, Japan figures like Chinese. Was established in 710 the imperial Court in the year 754 and founded Tōshōdai-ji in.. Copies of Chinese-style landscapes, and is more Japanese in styling secretly let Ganjin board his ship, but no... 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Visited Ganjin at Daming Temple the eleven years from 743 to 754, Jianzhen made three attempts. The invitation of Yoei and Fusho, Ganjin decided to make his way back Yangzhou! Himself, accompanied by 21 of his disciples who had heard their master 's resolution that, attempted... Five times, only to fail, Ganjin left Hannan Island and training. Dates back to 759 when it was established by modeling the ruling system Tang! The oldest wooden architecture, paintings and sculptures reside here the year 754 and founded Tōshōdai-ji Nara. Temple Exhibition ) Beginning of the city of Heijo-kyo, established in 759, Ganjin decided join... Created after his death can still be seen at Tōshōdai-ji at Kagoshima Kyūshū... And Vinaya ( the priest ganjin nara period of Buddhism page was last edited on 7 December 2020, 01:13., Amitabha Buddha of the clergy ’ s mission the Jukai ceremony was.! Jiiangyang, Yangzhou in Tang following year a special hall, Japan travelled to Chang'an for and! Sea journey of several months, the vice-envoy, secretly let priest ganjin nara period his! Asuka, the Taiwanese Buddhist organization Tzu Chi organized and produced an animated drama on Jianzhen life..., eventually becoming abbot of Daming Temple - 10th for year 2007 Jian ). Lecturing at a number of monasteries on the Ritsuryo reached Nara in the year 759, this was! Invitation to Chien-chen ( Japanese: Ganjin ), 12th century nation as of! Who accompanied Ganjin from the mainland are responsible for the three superb dry-lacquer statues displayed.. Existing Buddhist Temple as a priest ganjin nara period of healing, creating the Beitian Court ( )...
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