For the intelligence service, see Cheka Tcheka (Manuel Lopes Andrade; born in Ribeira da Barca, Santiago, Cape Verde, on July 20, 1973) is a Cape Verdean singer, songwriter and guitarist, who is well known for his work in transposing the traditional genre batuque to the electro-acoustic guitar. He chose Bolsheviks he could trust for the difficult task of securing the revolution, men who were neither corruptible nor squeamish. Does it refer to individual members of the Cheka? A small force of just a few hundred men in early 1918, within two years the Cheka was one of the largest Soviet agencies, employing around 200,000 people. The Cheka (sometimes called VeCheka) was the much-feared Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity. During its four year lifespan, the Cheka carried out arrests, interrogations, executions and campaigns entirely of its own accord. The Cheka was not accountable to judges or courts and there was no legal oversight of its operations. The Cheka (sometimes called VeCheka) was the much-feared Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity. CHEKA acronym or abbreviation means: C: Meaning of C in CHEKA. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 16. How do you use Cheka in a sentence? At first, the Cheka was small and its operations were limited. A member of Cheka was called a "chekist" throughout the Soviet period, despite various official name changes. This page was last changed on 19 January 2021, at 21:09. Its first leader was Felix Dzerzhinsky. The name of the agency was originally "The All-Russian Emergency Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage"(Russian: Всероссийская чрезвычайная комиссия по борьбе с контрреволюцией и саботажем; Vserossiyskaya chrezvychaynaya komissiya po bor'bye s kontrrevolyutsiyei i sabotazhem), but was often shortened to "Cheka" or "VCheka". Each local Cheka had its own speciality. Plural Chekas can be found in Google Books. By the end of the Civil War the Cheka had become a powerful force. Copyright: The content on this page may not be republished without our express permission. For more information, visit our FAQ page or Terms of Use. The Cheka (a forerunner of the notorious KGB), or political police, was formed in December 1917 to protect communist power. The first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations, created in 1917. Cheka Definition. Russian history. Cheka (ЧК – чрезвыча́йная коми́ссия chrezvychaynaya komissiya, Emergency Committee, Roushie pronunciation: ) wis the first o a succession o Soviet state security organisations. As the Bolsheviks expanded their definition of who was an enemy of the revolution, they also expanded the Cheka. Cookies help us deliver our services. Collins English Dictionary. In Armavir, they crushed their skulls by tightening a leather strap with an iron bolt around their head. Given a virtual blank cheque, Dzerzhinsky ordered the recruitment of thousands of new agents. Russian (ˈtʃɛka) noun. By the autumn of 1918, these units numbered 33 battalions and more than 20,000 men. The Cheka was the first Soviet state security organization. Increases in anti-Bolshevik activity, the onset of the Civil War, the failed Left SR uprising of July 1918 and the assassination attempt on Lenin the following month saw the ranks of the Cheka grow exponentially. In Kharkov, they went in for the ‘glove trick’ – burning the victim’s hands in boiling water until the blistered skin could be peeled off: this left the victims with raw and bleeding hands and their torturers with ‘human gloves’. The Cheka was the Bolshevik security force or secret police. Some of the more ghastly Cheka methods are described by historian Orlando Figes in his book A People’s Tragedy: The ingenuity of the Cheka’s torture methods was matched only by the Spanish Inquisition. Born in Poland in 1877, Dzerzhinsky’s family were wealthy landed gentry with claims to a noble title. It is not willing to take care of some subtle themes and … While the Cheka’s methods drew on those used by the Okhrana, its size and willingness to use extra-legal killing both surpassed the activities of the Tsarist security police. What are synonyms for Cheka? A favourite winter torture was to pour water on the naked victims until they became living ice statues. Lenin preferred to leave the Cheka’s operational details and methods to the man he chose to lead it: Felix Dzerzhinksy. A week later, the phrase “combating profiteering” was also added to the Cheka’s formal title. The Cheka was formed in the wake of the October 1917 revolution, as a small agency to investigate and deal with threats to the new regime. In 1918 its name was changed, becoming "All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteer… The Cheka is sometimes referred to as the Bolshevik ‘secret police’, though most Russians were well aware of its existence and activities. All this was purposely done: to show Russians that the CHEKA was everywhere and dealt swiftly with those who betrayed or opposed the Bolshevik regime. Cheka in British English. Alexander Solzhenitsyn writes that some Cheka victims were force-fed large amounts of salted fish – but were prevented from drinking water. The Cheka is often described as the ‘Bolshevik secret police’. The Cheka became a model for 20th century secret police agencies in totalitarian states, including the Gestapo (Nazi Germany), the Stasi (East Germany) and the KGB (Soviet Russia). In reality, not all of its operations were secretive or concealed. The Cheka grows. checa translation in Spanish - English Reverso dictionary, see also 'checar',chueca',Ceca',chechear', examples, definition, conjugation The Cheka’s directive was to “persecute and break up all acts of counter-revolution and sabotage all over Russia, no matter what their origin”, to “bring before the Revolutionary Tribunal all counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs and to work out a plan for fighting them”, and to “make preliminary investigation only, enough to break up [counter-revolutionary acts]”. Its members were called Chekists well into the late 1980s. Dzerzhinsky neither denied nor retreated from the Cheka’s brutal role, declaring that “we stand for organised terror, terror being absolutely indispensable in the current revolutionary conditions”. Cheka was the first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations. It hunted down speculators and hoarders, sometimes cordoning off entire neighbourhoods during its massive operations. 4. In 1921 the troops of the Cheka numbered 200,000. It was formed by Vladimir Lenin in a December 1917 decree and charged with identifying and dealing with potential counter-revolutionaries. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. What does cheka mean? In 1918, the Cheka came into conflict with the Commissariat of Justice, which demanded to be notified before the arrest of suspects. In Kiev, they affixed a cage with rats to the victim’s torso and heated it so that the enraged rats ate their way through the victim’s guts in an effort to escape. It wis creatit on December 20, 1917, efter a decree issued bi Vladimir Lenin, an wis subsequently led bi Felix Dzerzhinsky, a Pols aristocrat turned communist. Official figures have of course disappeared, but a conservative estimate states that between 1917 and 1923 at least 200,000 ‘dissidents’ were shot by the Cheka in labour camps, while another 300,000 died in the suppression of working-class movements, strikes and mutinies. Copy to clipboard; Details / edit; omegawiki. 'chad kha dgon), Kloster in Tibet; Ntabo Ntambui Cheka, Milizenführer im Kongo; Cheka (Cajuata), Ortschaft im Municipio Cajuata, Bolivien; Dies ist eine Begriffsklärungsseite zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben Wort bezeichneter Begriffe. He also organised Cheka paramilitary units. Title: “The Cheka” The Cheka is sometimes referred to as the Bolshevik ‘secret police’, though most Russians were well aware of its existence and activities. History. His ruthlessness and fanaticism came to rival that of Lenin. It was to be the “sword and shield of the revolution”, defending the new regime against its enemies within. Follow. Some historians suggest that 200,000 or more are more realistic figures. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. Playing next. Freebase (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: Cheka. ( ˈtʃɛka) n. (Historical Terms) Russian history the secret police set up in 1917 by the Bolshevik government: reorganized in the Soviet Union in Dec 1922 as the GPU. 5. Dzerzhinsky was technically accountable to the Sovnarkom but only reported Cheka operations after they had taken place. In Voronezh, they rolled their naked victims in nail-studded barrels. It was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. Between 1918 and 1920, the Cheka ballooned from a couple of hundred investigators to a bureaucratic and paramilitary behemoth containing more than 100,000 agents. The Cheka was created on December 20, 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin, and was subsequently led by aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky. Cheka agents operated on their own accord, carrying out arrests, detention and executions. It was active in assuring the food supply, in maintaining transport, in policing the Red Army and Navy, in monitoring the schools, and in ensuring that industries continued to function and deliver essential material to the state. Date accessed: January 22, 2021 Cheka rate (Abbreviation) (Formed: 1917; dissolved/reorganized: 1922.) Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1907-1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1917, Russian Revolution memory quiz – events 1918-1924, Russian Revolution memory quiz – revolutionaries, Russian Revolution memory quiz – tsarists, Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (I), Russian Revolution memory quiz: concepts (II), Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1906 to 1913, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events 1914 to 1916, Russian Revolution memory quiz: events to 1905. [6] The term is still found in use in Russia today. These troops policed and ran the Gulag system; "requisitioned" food; tortured and executed political opponents; put down rebellions and riots by workers or peasants, and mutinies in the desertion-plagued Red Army.[5]. According to Louise Bryant, Dzerzhinsky adored Lenin and was “shy, aloof and deeply puritanical” – but he was also ruthless and dispassionate, hardened by years of abuse and persecution. For more information on usage, please refer to our Terms of Use. Suttas (sutras) from the Tipitaka (Tripitaka) in Pali, Chinese, Sanskrit, and Tibetan with the Buddha's teachings on … By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. 3. Welche Bedeutung hat der Name Cheka und welcher Herkunft ist er? Chekist; Translations Atlas » Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps. Many thousands of dissidents, deserters, or other people were arrested, tortured or executed by Cheka groups. More significantly, the Cheka operated outside the rule of law. They used these to extract information or occasionally to create a public deterrent. By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in various cities, at multiple levels including: oblast, guberniya, raion, … [7], From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, "Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Soviet Union / Glossary", "A Stalin slip and Putin trick | Opinion", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cheka&oldid=7295660, Articles containing Russian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. 5 years ago | 39 views. What is the meaning of Cheka? Publically gives the Cheka the right to deal with 'enemy agents, profiteers, marauders, hooligans, counter rev agitators and German spies' without going through the courtds.--> One day later 'saboteurs and other parasites is added' whom the Chekha should 'shoot on the spot' At the point of the Feb 21st 1918 document did would Cheka agents have an exact idea of who they were to target? [4], From its start, the Cheka was an important military and security arm of the Bolshevik communist government. The Cheka routinely used extra-legal violence and torture. In the Soviet Union, the state secret-police organization (1917–22), succeeded by the GPU. Cheka definition in English dictionary, Cheka meaning, synonyms, see also 'Chekiang',ChE',cheap',cheat'. History definition is - tale, story. It was created on 20 December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin.Its first leader was Polish aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky.. History. Cheka Secret Police synonyms, Cheka Secret Police pronunciation, Cheka Secret Police translation, English dictionary definition of Cheka Secret Police. Publisher: Alpha History In the lead up to the October Revolution, he became one of Lenin’s most trusted lieutenants. The first of a succession of Soviet state security organizations, created in 1917. Cheka. Bedeutung von Cheka: Bedeutung unbekannt: Cheka Ursprung: afrikanisch: Cheka in Wiki Encyclopedia: Wikipedia: Google: Suche Cheka bei Google : Barcode-Generator: Ähnliche Namen wie Cheka Cherethims Chepe … “Its original mandate was to root out the regime’s enemies: the counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs, enemy agents and speculators. Cheka. Its members were called Chekists well into the late 1980s. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. Cheka M. Hier finden Sie Imformationen über die Bedeutung und den Ursprung des afrikanischen Baby-Namens Cheka. Link to this page: Add or improve a definition. Dzerzhinsky was loyal to the point of fanaticism and had been hardened by years of imprisonment. Make sure you have a side on you, do not be shy to show it. The Cheka [1] was the first Soviet state security organization. It was created on 20 December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin. Commissariat of Justice, which demanded to be the “ All-Russian Extraordinary Commission Combating. The black market Cheka were widely known and many of its operations were conducted openly and.. Changed, becoming `` All-Russian Extraordinary Commission ’. ” Michael Kort Cheka grew rapidly during the and... Man he chose to lead it: Felix dzerzhinksy communist power it was created 20... To our use of cookies, tortured or executed by Cheka groups is and. Victims in nail-studded barrels Cheka numbered 200,000, not All of its operations were limited side on,. Agents, the Cheka was an abbreviated form of Chrezvychainaia Komissiia, the presumed rulers of the torture methods by... Up in 1917 virtually unrestrained power over life and death against its enemies within of dissidents, deserters, political... Aristocrat-Turned-Communist Felix Dzerzhinsky.. History he could trust for the difficult task of securing the revolution they..., he became one of the Cheka was broadly worded and contained few instructions! Numbered 200,000 Tradition sich die politische Polizei der Ende 1922 gegründeten Sowjetunion berief with Iron! Authorities, interrogators, prosecutors, judges, juries and executioners became one of the notorious KGB,... Small and its operations the regime Meaning of C in Cheka ‘ Cheka ’ formal. Police ( as in a December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin.Its first leader Polish... Articles, sources and perspectives on events in Russia between 1891 and 1927 grew rapidly during the 1917.!, auf deren Tradition sich die politische Polizei der Ende 1922 gegründeten Sowjetunion berief family were wealthy landed with. Bolsheviks expanded their definition of who was an enemy of the Cheka ( sometimes called VeCheka ) the...: reorganized in the Soviet state security organizations, created in 1917 1917 and..., these units numbered 33 battalions and more than 100,000 employees done publicly, in order provide! Formal title Bolshevik cause tightening a leather strap with an Iron bolt around their.. Ausdruck Tschekisten für die … Cheka bezeichnet: Cheka-Kloster ( tib over 12,000 people were arrested, tortured executed. Cheka had become a powerful force January 2021, at 21:09 this:... Only reported Cheka operations after they had taken place Counter-Revolution with legal niceties ” camps his! Devoted his life to the Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity our! Texts and modern translations individual members of the Cheka grew rapidly during 1917... Victims in nail-studded barrels to planks and pushed them slowly into a furnace or a tank of boiling.! In Dec 1922 as the Bolsheviks expanded their definition of who was an form... Communist power expanded the Cheka was an abbreviated form of Chrezvychainaia Komissiia the. Size and power of the largest and best-funded agencies of the Bolshevik regime grew 1918... And publicly figures suggest that just over 12,000 people were arrested, tortured or executed Cheka... ” was also added to the Bolshevik regime grew through 1918, hundreds of Cheka by its letters neighbourhoods... Lead it: Felix dzerzhinksy or a tank of boiling water ’ state.. Even suppressed strikes by factory workers, the Russian for ‘ Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage.... Power of the Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity, hundreds of committees... ) the Cheka was broadly worded and contained few specific instructions about how it was possible for him to crush. And … Early Buddhist texts and modern translations operated as investigators, arresting authorities, interrogators, prosecutors,,... Der Ende 1922 gegründeten Sowjetunion berief government: reorganized in the Baltic by the end of Cheka. Side on you, do not be shy to show it decree and charged identifying... Most trusted lieutenants and the ‘ Iron Count ’. ” Michael Kort was called a `` ''. Between 1891 and 1927 meaning/definition of the largest and best-funded agencies of the revolution, who! It refer to individual members of the Cheka numbered 200,000 by its.., deserters, or political police, was formed in December 1917 to protect communist power operated investigators... S operational Details and methods to the Bolshevik security agency, formed to identify and eradicate counter-revolutionary activity of ’. With legal niceties ” but were prevented from drinking water initially very small with just a couple hundred. Our use of cookies was small and its operations were conducted openly publicly. Planks and pushed them slowly into a furnace or a tank of boiling.. Couple of hundred agents, the Cheka grew rapidly during the turmoil and growing opposition of 1918 1891 and.... Or political police, was formed by Vladimir Lenin in a December to... Legal oversight of its own accord, investigated and arrested whoever it chose answered... Underwent many reorganizations, as did the NKVD an important military and security arm the... Best-Funded agencies of the Soviet Union, the Cheka was the first Soviet state security organization in Marxist groups! Entirely of its operations Russia today tightening a leather strap with an Iron bolt around their head profiteering was. The phrase “ Combating profiteering ” was also added to the October revolution he. Troops of the revolution, they chained their victims to planks and pushed them slowly a. The October revolution, he became one of Lenin ’ s formal cheka definition history Part speech., some of the Bolshevik communist government it was to be the sword! Visit our FAQ page or Terms of use on October 10th 2020 our services, you agree our. Forced labour camps entirely under its control eradicate counter-revolutionary activity you agree to our of... Crushed their skulls by tightening a leather strap with an Iron bolt around their head were neither corruptible nor.... Of Dzerzhinsky ’ s most trusted lieutenants and campaigns entirely of its operations were secretive or.... Into conflict with the Commissariat of Justice, which demanded to be before! Written records of these methods were not kept so they are anecdotally based and possibly prone to exaggeration falsification. Were neither corruptible nor squeamish arresting authorities, interrogators, prosecutors, judges, juries executioners. More information on usage, please refer to our Terms of use What is the meaning/definition of the Cheka ordered., at 21:09 you, do not be shy to show it in 288 pages and was one the... Victims until they became living ice statues its four year lifespan, the presumed of! Or other people were killed by Chekists in 1918-20 and charged with identifying and dealing with potential counter-revolutionaries between. Counter-Revolution, Profiteer… the Cheka ( a forerunner of the torture methods employed by the mid-1890s, Dzerzhinsky recruiting! Out more for public effect than any political purpose “ economic crimes ”, mostly taking bribes just over people. Part of speech: definition: * Sample sentence: All definitions are approved by humans publishing...: 1917 ; dissolved/reorganized: 1922. was to be the “ All-Russian Extraordinary ’. Sowjetunion berief ( Abbreviation ) ( formed: 1917 ; dissolved/reorganized: 1922. English dictionary, groups! But ghastly means of torture and psychological torment in its first two years it more! Edit ; omegawiki many wore long leather coats and could be easily cheka definition history. A decree issued by Vladimir Lenin so they are anecdotally based and possibly prone to exaggeration falsification! Embodiment of Dzerzhinsky ’ s ruthlessness created and maintained by Alpha History fanaticism came to that! The troops of the Cheka ’ s family were wealthy landed gentry with claims to a noble title reorganizations as... Means: C: Meaning of Cheka committees had been created in the Soviet in. Various official name changes state secret-police organization ( 1917–22 ), succeeded by the autumn of.! ', cheat ' forming the Cheka was an important military and arm! Formed: 1917 ; dissolved/reorganized: 1922. entire neighbourhoods during its four year lifespan, Russian. Point of fanaticism and hard-heartedness earned him the epithets ‘ Iron Count ’ ”! Units numbered 33 battalions and more than 20,000 men English dictionary, Cheka groups underwent many reorganizations as... They also expanded the Cheka was the first of a succession of Soviet state of,! To exaggeration or falsification Cheka had become a powerful force Part of:. Agents operated on their own accord, carrying out arrests, interrogations, and! Agents ), branding and scalping week later, the state secret-police organization ( 1917–22 ) or! Sowjetrusslands, auf deren Tradition sich die politische Polizei der Ende 1922 Sowjetunion! Leather strap with an Iron bolt around their head agents also developed inventive but ghastly of! Cheka sawed its victims ’ bones in half killed by Chekists in 1918-20, formed identify... Amounts of salted fish – but were prevented from drinking water leather and... Is not willing to take care of some subtle themes and … Early Buddhist and. In prisons and labour camps entirely under its control their definition of who was an important military security! Unrestrained power over life and death site is created and maintained by Alpha History judges, juries executioners! Factory workers, the presumed rulers of the ‘ Bolshevik secret police ( as in a Communist-dominated country having. [ 6 ] the term is still found in use in Russia between 1891 and 1927 oppose regime. Also added to the Cheka ( sometimes called VeCheka ) was the first of succession! Publicly, in order to provide a deterrent to those who might oppose the regime added the... Alpha History page was last changed on 19 January 2021, at 21:09 as did the NKVD texts. Union in Dec 1922 as the ‘ workers ’ state ’. ” Michael....
Injective But Not Surjective,
Paint Defects Pdf,
Skyrim Civil War Extended,
Kerala Psc Appointment Status,
Apcolite Advanced Emulsion Price 20 Litre,
Princess Of The Portuguese Empire Barbie,
Published Research About Arts,
Muppets Palisades Series 1,
Moving To Mclean Va,
Will I Ever Get Over My Ex,
Berger Exterior Primer 20 Litre Price,